We demonstrate efficient optical rectification in the organic crystal BNA (N-benzyl-2-methyl-4-nitroaniline), driven by a temporally compressed, commercially available industrial Yb-laser system operating at a 540 kHz repetition rate.Our terahertz (THz) source reaches 5.6 mW of Zin THz average power driven by 4.7 W, 45 fs pulses, and the resulting
Nicotinamide Increases Intracellular NAD+ Content to Enhance Autophagy-Mediated Group A Streptococcal Clearance in Endothelial Cells
Group A streptococcus (GAS) is a versatile pathogen that causes a wide spectrum of diseases in humans.Invading host cells is a known strategy for GAS to avoid antibiotic killing and immune recognition.However, the underlying mechanisms of GAS resistance to intracellular killing need to be explored.Endothelial HMEC-1 cells were infected with GAS, me